Coronation Ottokar II Czech king
Ottokar II., Called the king of iron and gold (* around 1233 - August 26, 1278, Dry turkey), was the fifth King of Bohemia from the House P�emyslovc� (crowned in 1261), the second son of King Wenceslas I. and Kunhuty Stauffer.

According to legend, as stated in Beckovsk� the messenger, Pfemysl born in M�stec Kr�lov�.

& Quot; Kunka Queen, consort of King Wenceslas I., returning after Kladsky road from the worm. Hradec to Prague and in M�stci P�emysla bore a son, potomn�ho king. His birthplace distinguished Ottokar II. that He lent coat of arms lion and many privileges city royal chamber Awarded & quot;

That he truly was a man who gained a reputation as a hard ruler fists, huge power and personal ambition, hard enumerations in the medieval chronicles. They really do not give too disinterested facts. Writing in Colmar Chronicle claims that & quot; the character was noble, not very tall, swarthy face, courageous and wise i nadoby�ej age his eloquent & quot ;. Although his remains were preserved in very bad state anthropologist Emanuel Vlcek more or less confirmed the physical description. P�emysl average was tall, dark and handsome man said with courtly upbringing and a good education for its time.

Although many of his works can deduce a certain magnanimity mindedness, it would be too hasty assessment. In 1254 For example, as the king confirmed the unprecedented right to the Hebrews: local government and the right to protection of property. But also because he was Premysl, who by country invited the Inquisition. In fact, his decision to always match Otakarov�m current objectives. Surely his father suffered hypersensitivity a son, but sometimes apparently failed unjustified rages and as Most medieval rulers hated resistance. Austrian Chronicle For example, dedicated especially to those acts Otakar II. (But i Vaclav II.), Which does not inspire too much sympathy.

The expression & quot; iron & quot; Kumano gave him after the battle of Kressenbrunu where famous P�emysl's heavily clad knights. Instead of & quot; gold & quot; would rather match another sign - P�emyslovo wealth came from silver. Indeed, there are records that would be for the period of its government got into financial difficulties.

P�emysl was powerful Central European sovereign (during the interregnum in Holy Roman Empire built a vast dominion that stretched over the Alps to the Adriatic Sea), under whose reign reached Czech UK biggest boom until the time of Charles IV. With its diplomatic skills or marriage policy P�emysl gained except Czech crown title of Duke of Austria (since 1251), Duke of Styria (From r. 1261) and Duke of Carinthia and Carniola (from r. 1269). This achieved importance, which was also reflected in the fact that it ran several Otakar the crown of the Holy Roman - however much he was his privilege ultimately prevented gain.

In addition to the expansion to the south Ottokar II. trying to expand their dominion and north-easterly direction - in the years 1254 to 1255 (and 1267-8) to participated in the Crusades (Baltic) of Prussia, his efforts establishment P�emyslite power in Lithuania and the Baltic States, with the Olomouc bishopric was to become the Archdiocese of administering the conquered territories, but are not successful (mainly due to lack of support papal curia). V Baltics founded the city of K�nigsberg (German K�nigsberg, today Kaliningrad).

Otakarova government meant to increase the prestige of the state and its panovn�ka.P�emysl their position relied primarily on the newly established City (Czech Budejovice, Lesser Town of Prague - Mal� Strana), to which invited German colonists (during his reign, there were over fifty Czech towns). & nbsp;

P�emysl�v dizzying rise followed by a steep fall.

The turning point in the life of the monarch, whose work despite all setbacks steadily increased, came in 1273. After Richard Cornish froze after a stroke and died a year later, it was necessary to find New Roman king. It was unanimously elected until almost unknown Rudolf von Habsburg. Roman electors did not want to be king of the mighty P�emysla a thought for poor Rudolph. They had no idea how deeply wrong. Ottokar II. Rudolph choice concede Furthermore, no choice invited a Czech voice was replaced by Bavarian voice. Poorly assessed the situation in the empire, which was aimed at breaking his estate. From beginning especially underestimated ambition and abilities of the first known Habsburg.

Czech king found himself in an unpleasant situation when he pushed from Rudolf concession to concession. Roman king lost the sympathy of the imperial masters and in Austria, liberated from P�emysl "tyranny" that gripped the forceps taxes. Otakar this state decided to deal with the battle on Moravian Field (1278), but which has turned into a political and personal disaster.

The remains fifth Czech king were first publicly exhibited in Vienna, then were, after the papal anathema stored at Minoritenkirche monastery in Znojmo. In 1296 it had V�clav II. transferred to Prague and buried in the monastery to Francis, where they were grave and P�emysl's parents. P�emysl remains were moved again. At the command Charles IV., The legacy of his worshipers P�emyslid ancestors were eventually stored at the Church. Vitus (1373) under the magnificent tombstone of Peter Parler. Along with the remains of the tomb of the king were stored and funeral jewels (crown, orb, scepter). At the funeral Crown Otakar II. is preserved inscription & quot; Hic sunt ossa Otakar incliti, regis Bohemiae quinti. & quot; or & quot; These are the bones Otakar noble, fifth King of Bohemia. & quot;