P�emysl II. Otakar (born around 1233 - August 26, 1278) - Czech king, the most famous of the genus P�emyslid rulers. During his reign, creating a huge empire in Central Europe, contemporaries was called the king of iron and gold.

As the second son of King Wenceslas I had originally P�emysl become ecclesiastic. (His mother had been Kunhuta of the German House of Hohenstaufen). Then, when he died but his older brother Vladislav, despite his father left the rebel nobles elect a king. The revolt was soon suppressed and fourteen rebel went to jail. For a long time but he did not do it. Soon after V�clav in the country once again introduced a policy, named P�emysla the Margrave of Moravia.

In 1252 Premysl political reasons married for more than thirty years older than Margaret Bamberg. Europe is fun, ambitious prince, however, dowry was awarded the Austrian country.

The following year, in September dying V�clav I. and Premysl II. Otakar sits on the throne relaxed. Already in 1254 the pope issued a call for a crusade against the pagan Prussians. On that occasion founded on the shores of the Baltic Sea city of K�nigsberg, now Kaliningrad.

Disagreements with the Hungarian King Bela IV. vygradovaly to a decisive military encounter at Kressenbrunn in 1260. In the battle P�emysl won by a landslide, especially thanks to the deployment of heavy cavalry, iron knights, who formed the core of his army. In the same year Przemyslid monarch divorced barren Margaret Bamberg and took her granddaughter B�la IV. Cunigund.

For the next twelve years, was one of the most successful period P�emyslova life. He controlled all of central Europe, in the south of his empire extended to the shores of the Adriatic. The expansion enjoyed not only weapons, but also a combination of diplomacy and money from the rich royal treasury.

The turnaround came in 1273, when the Czech king began to apply for a relaxed German throne and the title of Holy Roman Emperor. Despite the fact that the elector promised him support, eventually chose hitherto unknown but highly ambitious Count Rudolf of Habsburg. P�emysl act perceived as a betrayal and select concede, however, which incensed against each other nobility at home and abroad. In 1276 Rudolf invaded with an army into Austria. P�emysl he led his knights went opposite, but because of domestic rebellion led Witigonen family had to return, and the battle has not yet occurred. Under pressure then have to give up not only the Alpine countries, but also Chebsko, so he remained in control only of Bohemia and Moravia. Home P�emysl suppressed the rebellion and the collapse of the empire was not going to accept it. In 1278 he organized the campaign, which culminated on August 26 on a Moravian battlefield. P�emysl II. Otakar weakened betrayal several of his allies in the fight died. His demise heralded the onset of the Habsburgs, who soon became one of the most important European dynasties.